雨であろうと雪であろうと試合は行われます。
- The match will be held whether it rains or snows.

雨であろうと雪であろうと試合は行われます。 meaning: The game will be held whether it rains or snows.

This grammar point expresses "whether... or...". It emphasizes that the action in the main clause happens regardless of the conditions or possibilities presented in the clauses connected by ～であろうと. ⚫︎ Structure: Verb (dictionary form) + であろうと, i-adjective + かろうと, na-adjective + であろうと, Noun + であろうと. The second part follows the same structure. ⚫︎ Usage: Indicates indifference or lack of influence from the two conditions. ⚫︎ Example: ⚫︎ 行こうが行くまいが行く - Whether I go or don't go, I will go. ⚫︎ 好きであろうと嫌いであろうと、やらなければならない - Whether you like it or hate it, you have to do it. ⚫︎ In the original sentence: 雨であろうと雪であろうと - Whether it is rain or snow.

This is an essential grammar skill for N1 learners, as it unlocks complex sentence structures and nuances. ⚫︎ Potential form: Expresses ability or possibility. Examples include: ⚫︎ Group 1 (u-verbs): Change the final “-u” to “-eru” (五段動詞). 書く (kaku - to write) becomes 書ける (kakeru - can write). ⚫︎ Group 2 (ru-verbs): Add られる (rareru). 食べる (taberu - to eat) becomes 食べられる (taberareru - can eat). ⚫︎ Irregular verbs: 来る (kuru - to come) becomes 来られる (koreru - can come), する (suru - to do) becomes できる (dekiru - can do). ⚫︎ Passive form: Used to describe an action being done *to* the subject. ⚫︎ Group 1: Change the final "-u" to "-areru". 書く becomes 書かれる (kakarearu - is written). ⚫︎ Group 2: Add られる. 食べる becomes 食べられる (taberareru - is eaten). ⚫︎ Irregular verbs: 来る becomes 来られる, する becomes される (sareru - is done). ⚫︎ Causative form: Expresses causing someone to do something. ⚫︎ Group 1: Change the final "-u" to "-aseru". 書く becomes 書かせる (kaka seru - to make someone write). ⚫︎ Group 2: Add させる (saseru). 食べる becomes 食べさせる (tabe saseru - to make someone eat). ⚫︎ Irregular verbs: 来る becomes 来させる (ko saseru), する becomes させる (saseru - to make someone do). ⚫︎ Causative-Passive form: Expresses being made to do something. ⚫︎ Group 1: Change the final "-u" to "-aserareru". 書く becomes 書かされる (kaka serareru - to be made to write). ⚫︎ Group 2: Add させられる (saserareru). 食べる becomes 食べさせられる (tabe saserareru - to be made to eat). ⚫︎ Irregular verbs: 来る becomes 来させられる (ko saserareru), する becomes させられる (saserareru - to be made to do). ⚫︎ In the original sentence: 行われます - Passive form of 行う (okonau - to hold, to conduct).

Particle と can have different usages depending on the sentence. In this sentence, it functions as a conjunctive particle to link two clauses. ⚫︎ Usage: Connects two nouns or noun phrases and can translate to "and." ⚫︎ It can also mean "if," when used with verbs in the dictionary form. ⚫︎ Example: 雨と雪 - rain and snow. ⚫︎ In this sentence, 雨であろうと雪であろうと connects the two conditions "rain" and "snow".

Auxiliary verbs add nuance to the main verb, affecting the meaning and the level of politeness of the sentence. ⚫︎ ます (masu): A polite auxiliary verb that comes after the verb stem. Expresses politeness and is used in present and future affirmative sentences. ⚫︎ Example: 食べます (tabemasu - will eat). ⚫︎ られる (rareru): Auxiliary verb for passive voice. Indicates that the subject receives the action. This can also be used in potential form, means "can do." ⚫︎ Example: 食べられます (taberaremasu - can be eaten / is eaten). ⚫︎ In the original sentence: 行われます - The passive form, "is held" or "will be held." The action of "being held" is happening to the game.

Japanese sentences typically follow a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, though the subject can often be omitted if it's clear from the context. ⚫︎ Subject (often omitted or implied), Topic (marked by は, が), Object (marked by を), Verb. ⚫︎ Adjectives and adjectival nouns usually come before the nouns they modify. ⚫︎ Adverbs usually appear before the verb. ⚫︎ In the original sentence: The topic 試合 (shiai - game) is implied. The main verb 行われます (okonawaremasu - will be held) comes at the end. The conditions are presented before the action (the game) in 雨であろうと雪であろうと.