教科書（きょうかしょ、kyoukasho）
- textbook

The word 教科書 （きょうかしょ） means "textbook" or "schoolbook" in English. It refers to a book used in schools and educational settings to teach specific subjects. These books contain information, explanations, exercises, and other materials designed to help students learn. 教科書 are typically used in classrooms and for homework assignments. They are essential tools for formal education.

⚫︎ 日本語の教科書を忘れました。 Translation: I forgot my Japanese textbook. ⚫︎ 新しい教科書は来週から使います。 Translation: We will start using the new textbook next week. ⚫︎ この教科書は難しいけど、面白いです。 Translation: This textbook is difficult, but interesting.

You use 教科書 （きょうかしょ） when referring to the books used for teaching in educational environments. ⚫︎You can use it to talk about the physical book itself. ⚫︎You can also use it to describe the content within the book. This word is commonly used in discussions about school, studies, and learning materials.

教科書 （きょうかしょ） is written using kanji and hiragana. ⚫︎The kanji is 教科 (kyouka) meaning "subject" or "curriculum" and 書 (sho) meaning "book". ⚫︎The hiragana is きょうかしょ. There are no common variations in how it is written. The okurigana is fixed.

⚫︎ テキスト (tekisuto) - Text, text book. This is a loan word from English "text." ⚫︎ 参考書 (sankousho) - Reference book. This is not strictly a synonym, but can sometimes be used for supplemental learning materials.

There is no direct antonym for 教科書. However, words related to other types of reading materials could be considered opposite in context. For example: ⚫︎ 小説 (shousetsu) - Novel ⚫︎ 漫画 (manga) - Comics

先生は教科書のページを開けと言いました。 ・Translation: The teacher told us to open the page of the textbook. ・Explanation: This sentence demonstrates how to use 教科書 （きょうかしょ） in a classroom context.

教科書の内容は試験に出ます。 ・Translation: The content of the textbook will be on the exam. ・Explanation: This shows how 教科書 （きょうかしょ） is associated with academic assessment.

The word 教科書 （きょうかしょ） is a combination of two kanji: ⚫︎ 教 (kyou) meaning "teach" or "instruction." ⚫︎ 科 (ka) meaning "subject" or "course." ⚫︎ 書 (sho) meaning "book" or "writing." Therefore, the word literally means "teaching subject book" or "textbook."