積もります（つもります、tsumorimasu）
- to pile up

The Japanese verb 積もります (つもります) primarily means "to accumulate," "to pile up," or "to gather." It describes the process of things building up over time or in a specific place. It often refers to things like snow, dust, or experiences, but can also be used more figuratively. The core idea is the gradual addition of something, layer by layer, until a noticeable amount is present. 積もります can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

⚫︎ 雪が積もりました。 Translation: The snow has piled up. ⚫︎ ホコリが机の上に積もっています。 Translation: Dust is accumulating on the desk. ⚫︎ 経験が積もりました。 Translation: Experience has accumulated.

⚫︎ 積もります is a versatile verb used in various situations. ⚫︎ It is most commonly used in its ます-form, 積もります. ⚫︎ It's a plain form, meaning it can also be used to show the casual form 積もる. ⚫︎ Use it when talking about things gathering or building up. ⚫︎ The subject of the sentence (the thing that is accumulating) is typically marked with the particle が. ⚫︎ The place where the accumulation is happening is often indicated with the particle に or の上に. ⚫︎ The topic marker は can be used for the topic.

⚫︎ This verb is usually written in kanji as 積もります. ⚫︎ The hiragana reading is つもります. ⚫︎ The kanji 積 means "to accumulate" or "to pile up." ⚫︎ The okurigana (hiragana following the kanji) is もります. ⚫︎ The plain form is 積もる. ⚫︎ The te-form is 積もって. ⚫︎ The negative form (present) is 積もりません. ⚫︎ The past tense form is 積もりました. ⚫︎ The negative past tense form is 積もりませんでした.

⚫︎ たまる (溜まる) - to accumulate; to gather (often for money or liquids) ⚫︎ 溜まる is more specific to accumulation of fluids or things like money. ⚫︎ 増える (ふえる) - to increase; to multiply (implies an increase in quantity, but not necessarily a "piling up") ⚫︎ 貯まる (たまる) - to save up, to accumulate (often for money) ⚫︎ 積み重ねる (つみかさねる) - to pile up; to accumulate (implies an active process) (transitive verb of 積もる)

⚫︎ 減る (へる) - to decrease; to diminish ⚫︎ なくなる (なくなる) - to disappear; to be used up ⚫︎ 散らかる (ちらかる) - to be scattered; to be messy (opposite of accumulation in an organized way)

昨日の雪がまだ積もっています。 ・Translation: The snow from yesterday is still piled up. ・Explanation: This sentence uses the continuous form (ています) to indicate that the snow is still in the state of being accumulated.

たくさん経験が積もり、自信がつきました。 ・Translation: Having accumulated a lot of experience, I became confident. ・Explanation: This sentence uses the plain form 積もり. It shows the cause and effect, the experience has accumulated resulting in confidence.

The kanji 積 itself has the meaning of "to accumulate" or "to pile up". The verb 積もる comes from this kanji. It implies a sense of gradual addition or layering of something. The word does not appear to have any significant etymological variations.