闘争（とうそう、tousoう）
- struggle

The Japanese word 闘争 (とうそう, *tōsou*) primarily means "struggle," "conflict," "fight," or "competition." It denotes a situation involving active opposition, conflict, or contention between individuals, groups, or ideas. 闘争 implies a sustained effort, often involving conflict, to achieve a goal or overcome an obstacle. It can refer to physical combat, ideological battles, or even competitive endeavors.

⚫︎労働闘争 Translation: Labor struggle/fight ⚫︎権力闘争 Translation: Power struggle ⚫︎生存闘争 Translation: Struggle for survival

⚫︎This word is used in formal and informal contexts. ⚫︎It's suitable for discussing political, social, economic, or even personal conflicts. ⚫︎When describing a fight, struggle, or competition. ⚫︎闘争 can be used to describe both literal and metaphorical struggles.

⚫︎The word is typically written in kanji as 闘争. ⚫︎The reading is とうそう (tōsou) in hiragana. ⚫︎There are no significant variations in the okurigana.

⚫︎戦い (たたかい, *tatakai*) - battle, fight (more general) ⚫︎争い (あらそい, *arasoi*) - dispute, conflict, strife ⚫︎対立 (たいりつ, *tairitsu*) - confrontation, opposition ⚫︎競争 (きょうそう, *kyousou*) - competition

⚫︎平和 (へいわ, *heiwa*) - peace ⚫︎協調 (きょうちょう, *kyōchō*) - cooperation, coordination ⚫︎共存 (きょうぞん, *kyōzon*) - coexistence

その会社は激しい市場闘争に直面している。 ・Translation: That company is facing a fierce market struggle. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the competitive environment the company is dealing with, using 闘争 to express the intensity of the struggle.

彼は正義のために闘争を続けた。 ・Translation: He continued his fight for justice. ・Explanation: This sentence highlights the persistent effort involved in a moral or ideological struggle using 闘争.

The word 闘争 is a compound word. 闘 (とう, *tou*) means "to fight" or "to struggle," and 争 (そう, *sou*) means "to dispute" or "to contend". Therefore, 闘争 combines the concepts of fighting and conflict to create the meaning of "struggle" or "fight".