義務（ぎむ、gimu）
- duty

The Japanese word 義務 (ぎむ) translates to "duty," "obligation," "responsibility," or "commitment" in English. ⚫︎ It refers to something that a person is legally, morally, or socially bound to do. ⚫︎ It implies a sense of necessity or requirement, and failing to fulfill a 義務 (義務) can have negative consequences. ⚫︎ The nature of the 義務 (義務) can vary greatly, ranging from simple tasks to complex societal expectations.

⚫︎ 彼は会社に報告する義務がある。 Translation: He has a duty to report to the company. ⚫︎ 国民には納税の義務がある。 Translation: Citizens have an obligation to pay taxes. ⚫︎ 親は子供を育てる義務がある。 Translation: Parents have a responsibility to raise their children.

⚫︎ Use 義務 (義務) when discussing what someone is required to do. ⚫︎ It is appropriate in formal and informal contexts. ⚫︎ Often used in legal, ethical, and social discussions. ⚫︎ Can be used to describe duties based on roles, such as a doctor's 義務 (義務) to care for patients, or civic duties, like voting.

⚫︎ The word is written with the kanji 義務. ⚫︎ The reading is ぎむ in hiragana. ⚫︎ There is no katakana version. ⚫︎ The okurigana (送りがな) is not used.

⚫︎ 責任（せきにん） - responsibility ⚫︎ 責務（せきむ） - duty, obligation (more formal) ⚫︎ 役目（やくめ） - role, duty ⚫︎ 務め（つとめ） - duty, service

⚫︎ 権利（けんり） - right (as in a right vs. a duty) ⚫︎ 自由（じゆう） - freedom

学生には、授業に出席する義務があります。 ・Translation: Students have a duty to attend classes. ・Explanation: This sentence illustrates the 義務 (義務) of students to attend classes as part of their educational responsibilities.

彼は自分の家族を養う義務を果たすために一生懸命働いています。 ・Translation: He is working hard to fulfill his duty to support his family. ・Explanation: This sentence shows the use of 義務 (義務) in the context of family responsibilities and commitment.

The word 義務 is composed of two kanji: 義（ぎ） meaning "righteousness," "justice," or "duty," and 務（む or つとめ） meaning "duty," "service," or "task." Together, they combine to form a concept of a duty based on ethical considerations.