不十分（ふじゅうぶん、fujuubun）
- insufficient

The Japanese word 不十分 (ふじゅうぶん) means "insufficient," "incomplete," "lacking," or "inadequate." It describes something that does not meet the required standard, is not enough, or is not fully developed. It implies a deficiency or a shortage in terms of quantity, quality, or completeness. The word often carries a connotation of something being unsatisfactory or not up to expectations. 不十分 can be used in a variety of contexts, from describing the amount of something to the level of skill or the completeness of a task.

⚫︎ 彼の説明は不十分だった。 Translation: His explanation was insufficient. ⚫︎ このレポートは情報が不十分だ。 Translation: This report lacks information. ⚫︎ 食料が不十分なので、買い足しに行きましょう。 Translation: Since the food is insufficient, let's go buy more.

⚫︎ Use 不十分 to describe situations where something is not enough or doesn't meet requirements. ⚫︎ You can use it when assessing the quality, quantity, or completeness of something. ⚫︎ It's useful in both formal and informal contexts. ⚫︎ The word is often used in contexts that require assessment of situations, reports, or skills. ⚫︎ You can conjugate it by adding the copula です to make it polite (不十分です).

⚫︎ The word is typically written with the kanji 不 (fu - meaning "not" or "un-") and 十分 (jūbun - meaning "sufficient" or "enough"). ⚫︎ The reading is ふじゅうぶん (fujūbun) in hiragana. ⚫︎ There are no other ways to write the word and no variation in okurigana. ⚫︎ 不十分 can also be used as a noun, such as 不十分さ (fujūbun-sa), meaning insufficiency. ⚫︎ You can also use it to modify a noun, such as 不十分な点 (fujūbun-na ten) – an insufficient point, in which な is added.

⚫︎ 不足 (fusoku): shortage, deficiency ⚫︎ 足りない (tarinai): lacking, not enough ⚫︎ 不完全 (fukanzen): incomplete ⚫︎ 不備 (fubi): inadequacy, deficiency ⚫︎ 至らない (itaranai): insufficient, lacking

⚫︎ 十分 (jūbun): sufficient, enough ⚫︎ 完全 (kanzen): complete ⚫︎ 完璧 (kanpeki): perfect, flawless ⚫︎ 充分 (jūbun): sufficient, enough

試験の結果は不十分だったため、再試験を受けることになりました。 ・Translation: Because the results of the exam were insufficient, I had to take a re-examination. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the exam results as being below the required standard, leading to the need for a re-examination.

このプロジェクトの資金は不十分で、予定通りに進まない可能性があります。 ・Translation: The funding for this project is insufficient, and it may not proceed as planned. ・Explanation: This sentence indicates that the project lacks enough funding, which could hinder its progress.

The word 不十分 is a compound word. The first character 不 means "not" or "un-". The second character 十分 means "sufficient" or "enough". Therefore, 不十分 literally means "not sufficient" or "insufficient".