産業（さんぎょう、sangiょu）
- industry

The Japanese word 産業 (さんぎょう) primarily means "industry" or "industrial sector." It refers to the various economic activities involved in the production of goods and services. This includes all the stages, from the extraction of raw materials to the manufacturing, distribution, and provision of services. It encompasses a wide range of fields, such as manufacturing, agriculture, finance, technology, and service industries. It's a broad term that describes a segment of the economy.

⚫︎ 日本の自動車産業 Translation: Japan's automobile industry. ⚫︎ 観光産業は重要な経済力です。 Translation: The tourism industry is an important economic force. ⚫︎ 産業構造の変化 Translation: Changes in the industrial structure.

You use 産業 to talk about a specific branch of economic activity or the overall state of the industrial sector. It's often used in discussions about economic trends, business, employment, and government policies. It is a common term used in formal and informal contexts. When speaking about specific industries, you usually use the name of the industry before 産業, such as 自動車産業 (automobile industry) or IT産業 (IT industry).

⚫︎ The word 産業 is written with the kanji 産 (san - production, childbirth) and 業 (gyō - business, industry). ⚫︎ The reading is さんぎょう in hiragana. ⚫︎ There is no variation in okurigana.

⚫︎ 業界 (ぎょうかい) - industry, business world (often referring to a specific sector) ⚫︎ 経済部門 (けいざいぶもん) - economic sector ⚫︎ ビジネス - business (loanword)

⚫︎ There isn't a direct antonym for 産業, as it represents a broad concept. However, related words or phrases that could be seen as opposites in some contexts might include: ⚫︎ 不況 (ふきょう) - recession, depression (referring to a downturn in the industrial sector)

この国では、ハイテク産業が急速に発展しています。 ・Translation: In this country, the high-tech industry is rapidly developing. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the growth of the high-tech 産業 within a specific country.

彼女は産業構造の変化について研究している。 ・Translation: She is researching changes in the industrial structure. ・Explanation: This sentence indicates someone is studying the transformations happening within different industries.

The word 産業 is a compound word formed from the kanji 産 (san), which means "to give birth, produce," and 業 (gyō), meaning "business, industry, or occupation." The combination implies activities related to production, business, or industry. The word’s etymological roots reflect the core concept of the creation of goods or the provision of services.