充血（じゅうけつ、juuketsu）
- congestion

The Japanese word 充血 充血 (じゅうけつ, *juuketsu*) refers to the condition of having bloodshot eyes, or more generally, the congestion of blood in a part of the body. It describes the swelling and reddening of tissues due to increased blood flow. This can be caused by various factors, such as inflammation, irritation, or injury. 充血 can also describe other types of congestion, not just those related to eyes, although eye-related 充血 充血 is the most common usage.

⚫︎ 目が充血している。 Translation: My eyes are bloodshot. ⚫︎ 炎症によって、患部が充血した。 Translation: The affected area became congested due to inflammation. ⚫︎ 彼は花粉症で目が充血した。 Translation: His eyes were bloodshot from hay fever.

You would use 充血 充血 in situations where you want to describe a reddening or congestion of a part of the body, most commonly the eyes. It is suitable for describing a medical condition, a symptom, or the result of something irritating the area. It is a more formal term than other simpler expressions.

充血 充血 is written in kanji, with the reading in hiragana: じゅうけつ. There is no other way to write this word. The okurigana (送りがな) is not used.

⚫︎ 赤目 (あかめ, *akame*) - bloodshot eyes (more informal). ⚫︎ 目が赤い (めがあかい, *me ga akai*) - eyes are red (descriptive). ⚫︎ うっ血 (うっけつ, *ukketu*) - congestion.

⚫︎ 蒼白 (そうはく, *souhaku*) - pale ⚫︎ 無血 (むけつ, *muketsu*) - without blood

長時間パソコンを見たせいで、目が充血してしまった。 ・Translation: My eyes became bloodshot because I stared at the computer for a long time. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the eye condition due to prolonged computer use.

風邪をひいて、喉が充血している。 ・Translation: I have a cold, and my throat is congested. ・Explanation: This sentence describes a different area of congestion in the body, related to illness.

The word 充血 充血 is a compound word. 充 (*juu*) means "to fill" or "to be full." 血 (*ketsu*) means "blood." Therefore, 充血 充血 literally means "filled with blood" or "blood congestion", which accurately describes the condition.