借用（しゃくよう、shakuyou）
- borrowing

The Japanese word 借用 (しゃくよう, shakuyou) primarily means "borrowing," "taking something for one's use," or "using something." It implies the temporary use of something that belongs to someone else, with the intention of returning it. It can also refer to the "adoption" or "incorporation" of something, such as ideas, words, or concepts. The nuance is that you are taking something that isn't originally yours and utilizing it for a specific purpose.

⚫︎図書館から本を借用する。 Translation: I borrow a book from the library. ⚫︎彼の論文からいくつかのアイデアを借用した。 Translation: I borrowed some ideas from his paper. ⚫︎この言葉は英語から借用された。 Translation: This word was borrowed from English.

⚫︎This word is used when you are temporarily using something that belongs to someone else, like a physical object or an abstract concept. ⚫︎It's common in formal and informal situations. ⚫︎It can also be used in academic or professional contexts when discussing the use of resources, ideas, or words from other sources. ⚫︎You could use 借用しました (shakuyou shimashita) to indicate you have borrowed something.

⚫︎The word is written as 借用 (しゃくよう). ⚫︎The kanji is 借 (shaku), meaning "to borrow," and 用 (you), meaning "use" or "employment." ⚫︎It's typically written in kanji, but you might see しゃくよう (hiragana) if the writer wants to emphasize the pronunciation or if the context is less formal. ⚫︎The okurigana (suffix hiragana) is usually absent.

⚫︎借りる (kariru) - to borrow (a physical object) ⚫︎利用する (riyou suru) - to use; to make use of ⚫︎引用する (inyou suru) - to quote; to cite (in a written work) ⚫︎拝借する (haishaku suru) - to borrow; a more polite form of 借りる

⚫︎貸す (kasu) - to lend ⚫︎返却する (henkyaku suru) - to return (something borrowed)

研究のために、彼の論文からデータを借用させていただきました。 ・Translation: I borrowed data from his paper for my research. ・Explanation: This sentence uses the polite form of 借用 (借用させていただきます, shakuyou sasete itadakimashita) to show respect to the person whose data was borrowed.

そのデザインは、他のウェブサイトのデザインを借用したものです。 ・Translation: That design is one that borrowed from the design of another website. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the appropriation of a design from another source, highlighting the act of taking something that isn't original.

The word 借用 is composed of two kanji: 借 (shaku), which comes from a combination of the radical of "person" and "sword" and originally meant "to borrow"; and 用 (you), which means "use" or "employment". The compound word's meaning clearly reflects the act of "borrowing for use."