統計（とうけい、toukei）
- statistics

The Japanese word 統計, read as とうけい (toukei), means "statistics" or "statistical data." It refers to the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. This data is often numerical and used to understand patterns, trends, and relationships in a particular field or area of study. The process of 統計 involves gathering information, summarizing it, and drawing conclusions based on the findings. It can be applied in various fields, including science, economics, business, social sciences, and everyday life. The word itself can also refer to the results or findings of a statistical analysis.

⚫︎ 日本の人口の統計 Translation: Statistics of Japan's population. ⚫︎ 統計的なデータに基づいて分析する。 Translation: To analyze based on statistical data. ⚫︎ 新しい製品の市場調査の統計 Translation: Statistics on market research for new products.

You use 統計 when you're discussing numbers, data analysis, and statistical information. It's common in academic, professional, and formal contexts. You can use it when talking about data from surveys, studies, or any situation where data has been collected and analyzed. You'd also use it to refer to the field of statistics itself.

統計 is written in kanji, hiragana, and katakana. ⚫︎ Kanji: 統計 ⚫︎ Hiragana: とうけい ⚫︎ Katakana: トウケイ (used for emphasis or in foreign loanwords related to statistics) There are no variations in the okurigana (suffix hiragana).

⚫︎ データ (data) ⚫︎ 数字 (すうじ) (numbers) ⚫︎ 資料 (しりょう) (materials, data) ⚫︎ 分析 (ぶんせき) (analysis)

While there isn't a direct antonym, words that represent the opposite of order or analysis could be considered indirect antonyms. ⚫︎ 推測 (すいそく) (guess, speculation) ⚫︎ 予想 (よそう) (prediction) ⚫︎ 概算 (がいさん) (rough estimate)

このレポートは、去年の売上高の統計に基づいています。 ・Translation: This report is based on last year's sales statistics. ・Explanation: This sentence describes that the information in the report comes from the analysis of sales data.

政府は国民の健康に関する重要な統計を発表しました。 ・Translation: The government announced important statistics regarding the health of the citizens. ・Explanation: This sentence highlights the announcement of data related to public health.

The word 統計 is a compound word derived from two kanji: 統 (tou) and 計 (kei). ⚫︎ 統 means "to govern", "to control", "to unite". ⚫︎ 計 means "to measure", "to calculate", "to plan". Together, 統計 reflects the concept of systematically measuring, collecting, organizing, and analyzing data to understand a phenomenon. The word was likely introduced to Japan during the period of modernization when Western scientific and mathematical concepts were being adopted.