炎症（えんしょう、enshou）
- inflammation

The Japanese word 炎症 （炎症, えんしょう) means "inflammation" in English. It refers to the body's response to an injury or infection. It’s a complex biological process involving the immune system that tries to heal damaged tissue and fight off pathogens like bacteria and viruses. Common signs of 炎症 are redness, swelling, pain, and heat in the affected area. There are different types of 炎症, including acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term).

⚫︎ 風邪で喉に炎症が起きた。 Translation: I got inflammation in my throat due to a cold. ⚫︎ 関節に炎症があって、動きにくい。 Translation: I have inflammation in my joints, and it's difficult to move. ⚫︎ その傷口は炎症を起こしています。 Translation: That wound is inflamed.

This word is primarily used in medical contexts or when discussing health issues. You would use it when talking about any condition involving inflammation, whether it's related to an illness, injury, or specific body part. It’s important to note the specific area or cause of the 炎症.

炎症 is written in kanji, hiragana (えんしょう), or katakana (when used for emphasis or in foreign medical terms). There are no variations in okurigana for this word.

There aren't many direct synonyms for 炎症. You might use more descriptive phrases depending on the context, such as: ⚫︎ 腫れ (はれ) - swelling ⚫︎ 赤み (あかみ) - redness ⚫︎ 発赤 (ほっせき) - redness (more formal)

There isn't a direct antonym for 炎症 in the same way. However, you could describe a state without inflammation, but it isn't an opposite: ⚫︎ 正常な状態 (せいじょうなじょうたい) - normal condition ⚫︎ 健康な状態 (けんこうなじょうたい) - healthy condition

虫刺されの箇所が赤く腫れ、炎症を起こしている。 ・Translation: The area of the insect bite is red, swollen, and inflamed. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the visible signs of inflammation caused by an insect bite.

医師は、その薬が炎症を抑える効果があると説明した。 ・Translation: The doctor explained that the medicine has the effect of suppressing inflammation. ・Explanation: This example explains the effect of a medicine.

The word 炎症 is a compound word formed from two kanji: 炎 （えん） meaning "flame" or "blaze", and 症 （しょう） meaning "symptom" or "disease." This combination reflects the "burning" or hot feeling associated with inflammation, as well as the symptomatic nature of the condition.