します（します、shimasu）
- to do

The Japanese word します is a versatile verb primarily meaning "to do" or "to perform." It indicates an action, an activity, or a state of being done. It's the plain, polite form of the verb する, which means "to do". します is used in polite conversations, business settings, and when speaking to those older than you. It implies a degree of respect and formality.

⚫︎勉強します Translation: I study. ⚫︎ご飯をします Translation: I eat a meal. ⚫︎電話をします Translation: I make a phone call.

⚫︎ します is used to describe actions in the present and future tense. ⚫︎ It is formed by taking a noun or verb stem and attaching します. ⚫︎ It's essential for polite conversation in Japanese. ⚫︎ Often used with particles like を (wo), が (ga), and に (ni) to specify the object, subject, or direction of the action. ⚫︎ します can also be used to express the formation of a state or a decision: "to become" or "to decide."

⚫︎ Typically written in hiragana as します. ⚫︎ The base form is する (written in hiragana), but します is the polite form. ⚫︎ Okurigana (suffix hiragana) is always present: します.

⚫︎ 行う (okonau) - to carry out, to perform (more formal) ⚫︎ やる (yaru) - to do (casual) ⚫︎ 実施する (jisshi suru) - to implement, to put into effect (business) ⚫︎ 勤める(tsutomeru) - to work for (a company etc.)

There is no direct antonym, but you can negate the action: ⚫︎ しない (shinai) - do not do ⚫︎ やらない (yaranai) - don't do (casual)

毎日日本語を勉強します。 ・Translation: I study Japanese every day. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the action of studying Japanese, which is done regularly.

来週、旅行にします。 ・Translation: I will go on a trip next week. ・Explanation: This sentence indicates a future action. It means "I will do a trip."

The verb する (and its polite form します) is of native Japanese origin. It's a fundamental verb in the language and has been used for centuries to express actions and activities.