ボーナス（ボーナス、boーnasu）
- bonus

The Japanese word ボーナス [ボーナス] (bōnasu) refers to a bonus, a supplemental payment given to an employee, often in addition to their regular salary or wages. It can also refer to a dividend or a reward. It is a loanword from English. ⚫︎ It's a sum of money given in recognition of good performance, as an incentive, or as a reward for achieving certain goals. ⚫︎ The amount of the ボーナス [ボーナス] can vary greatly depending on the company, industry, and individual's performance. ⚫︎ It is typically paid out at specific times of the year, such as the end of the fiscal year or at the end of the year.

⚫︎今年のボーナスは、期待できそうです。 Translation: I think we can expect a [ボーナス] this year. ⚫︎ボーナスが大幅にアップしました。 Translation: My [ボーナス] has significantly increased. ⚫︎ボーナスをもらって、新しい車を買うつもりです。 Translation: I plan to buy a new car with my [ボーナス].

⚫︎ You use ボーナス [ボーナス] when talking about bonuses received from work, dividends from investments, or rewards or benefits. ⚫︎ It is generally understood to be a positive thing, as it represents extra income or a reward. ⚫︎ You can use it in various contexts related to work, finances, and personal rewards. ⚫︎ Be careful to use the correct tone to reflect the meaning intended.

⚫︎ ボーナス [ボーナス] is written in katakana, as it is a loanword from English ("bonus"). ⚫︎ There are no other common ways to write this word in Japanese. ⚫︎ No okurigana (suffix hiragana) is used.

⚫︎ 手当 (teate) - allowance, extra pay (can be a specific type of bonus) ⚫︎ 報奨金 (hōshōkin) - reward money ⚫︎ インセンティブ (insentibu) - incentive (similar concept)

There aren't direct antonyms because it's a specific term. However, terms relating to a pay cut or penalty could be considered the opposite in the workplace context. ⚫︎ 減給 (genkyū) - pay cut ⚫︎ 罰金 (bakkin) - fine

彼は会社の業績が良いので、今年のボーナスはたくさんもらえそうだ。 ・Translation: He's likely to receive a large [ボーナス] this year because the company's performance is good. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the positive outcome of good company performance for an employee's [ボーナス].

ボーナスが出たら、旅行に行こうと思っています。 ・Translation: When I get my [ボーナス], I'm thinking of going on a trip. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the use of the [ボーナス] to achieve a personal goal.

The word ボーナス [ボーナス] comes directly from the English word "bonus." It was adopted into Japanese to represent the same concept of a supplemental payment or reward.