発行します（はっこうします、haっkoushimasu）
- to issue

The Japanese verb 発行します (はっこうします) primarily means "to issue," "to publish," "to release," or "to distribute." It refers to the act of creating and making something available, such as documents, publications, goods, or other items. It implies an official or formal process of bringing something into existence or circulation. The meaning changes depending on what is being 発行します.

⚫︎新しいパスポートを 発行します。 Translation: I will issue a new passport. ⚫︎会社は新しいパンフレットを 発行します。 Translation: The company will publish a new brochure. ⚫︎政府は声明を 発行します。 Translation: The government will release a statement.

This verb is typically used in formal or semi-formal contexts. It's common in business, government, and professional settings. When something is 発行します, it’s usually because someone or some organization is officially creating something. ⚫︎You can use it to talk about issuing documents, like passports or certificates. ⚫︎It can describe publishing books, magazines, or other printed materials. ⚫︎It's applicable for the release of products, like new software or merchandise. ⚫︎It can refer to the distribution of information, such as statements or announcements.

The verb 発行します is written using kanji and hiragana. ⚫︎ Kanji: 発行 (はっこう) ⚫︎ Hiragana: します The kanji 発 (hatsu) means "to start" or "to emit," and 行 (kō) means "to go" or "to do." The suffix します (shimasu) is the polite -masu form of the verb する (suru), meaning "to do." The okurigana (hiragana attached to kanji to show how to read them) is always 行 for this word.

⚫︎ 交付 (こうふ - kōfu): to grant, to issue (used for documents and certificates) ⚫︎ 出版 (しゅっぱん - shuppan): to publish (for books, magazines, etc.) ⚫︎ 発表 (はっぴょう - happyō): to announce, to release (for information or findings) ⚫︎ 配布 (はいふ - haifu): to distribute ⚫︎ 制作 (せいさく - seisaku): to produce ⚫︎ 刊行 (かんこう - kankō): to publish (used specifically for publication)

While there isn't a direct antonym, concepts that are the opposite of 発行します would include: ⚫︎ 廃止 (はいし - haishi): abolition; to abolish (if the items that were 発行します are not in use anymore) ⚫︎ 削除 (さくじょ - sakujo): deletion, removal (if the items are deleted, removed)

新しい社員証を 発行します。 ・Translation: I will issue a new employee ID card. ・Explanation: This sentence illustrates the use of 発行します in a business context, indicating the official creation of employee identification.

この雑誌は毎月1日に 発行します。 ・Translation: This magazine is published on the 1st of every month. ・Explanation: This sentence is used to show the publishing schedule of a magazine.

The word 発行します (はっこうします) is a compound word formed from the kanji 発 (hatsu), meaning "to start" or "to emit," and 行 (kō), meaning "to go" or "to do." The word implies making something "go forth" or "come into existence". The addition of します (shimasu) makes it a polite verb.