反則（はんそく、hansoku）
- foul/violation

The Japanese word 反則 (はんそく) primarily means "foul," "violation," or "rule infraction," particularly in the context of sports or games. It refers to an action that goes against the established rules and regulations of a particular activity. It can also imply a penalty or consequence for committing such an act. The term can be used in a broad sense to describe any type of breaking of rules, not just in sports.

⚫︎サッカーの試合で、ファウルで反則を取られました。 Translation: He was called for a foul in the soccer match. ⚫︎彼はその行為が反則だと知らなかった。 Translation: He didn't know that act was a violation. ⚫︎ゲーム中に反則を繰り返すと、退場になる可能性があります。 Translation: Repeating fouls during the game may result in being sent off.

This word is used when describing rule violations in various contexts, most commonly in sports. You would use it when discussing fouls, illegal moves, or any actions that break the rules of a game or activity. It is also used when referring to breaking regulations or laws in other non-sports scenarios.

反則 is typically written in kanji. The reading is はんそく in hiragana. There are no alternative kanji spellings or common variations in okurigana. It is consistently written 反則.

⚫︎ 違反 (いはん) - violation, breach ⚫︎ ファウル - foul (loanword) ⚫︎ 不正行為 (ふせいこうい) - misconduct ⚫︎ 反則行為 (はんそくこうい) - foul play, violation

There are not direct antonyms for 反則, but some words that could be considered opposites in context include: ⚫︎ 正当 (せいとう) - legitimate, just ⚫︎ 規則遵守 (きそくじゅんしゅ) - rule-following

彼は反則をして、イエローカードをもらいました。 ・Translation: He committed a foul and received a yellow card. ・Explanation: This sentence describes a situation where someone broke the rules and was penalized with a yellow card.

その選手は反則で試合から退場させられた。 ・Translation: That player was ejected from the game for a foul. ・Explanation: This explains that the player was removed from the game due to a rule violation.

The word 反則 is composed of two kanji: 反 (はん) meaning "against," "opposite," or "rebellion," and 則 (そく) meaning "rule," "law," or "standard." Therefore, 反則 literally means "against the rule" or "breaking the rule," which accurately reflects its meaning.