申請します（しんせいします、shinseiしmasu）
- to apply

The Japanese verb 申請します 申請します means "to apply," "to request," or "to file" something. It implies making a formal request or application for something, such as a permit, a visa, a job, or financial aid. It suggests a formal process, often involving paperwork or an official procedure. The object of the application is usually specified, though not always.

⚫︎ビザを申請します。 Translation: I will apply for a visa. ⚫︎奨学金を申請します。 Translation: I will apply for a scholarship. ⚫︎パスポートを申請します。 Translation: I will apply for a passport.

⚫︎申請します 申請します is used in formal situations. ⚫︎ You would use it when applying for something through an official channel. ⚫︎ It is appropriate for written applications, official forms, and when speaking to someone in authority or someone in a customer service context. ⚫︎ It's also suitable for professional or business settings.

⚫︎ The base form is 申請(shinsē), which means "application" or "request." ⚫︎ The verb is written with the kanji 申請(申請), combined with the suru-verb します します (shimasu), which makes it "to do/make an application." ⚫︎ The hiragana reading is しんせいします. ⚫︎ There are no other standard ways to write this word. The okurigana (the suffix hiragana) is fixed.

⚫︎ 応募します (ōbo shimasu) - to apply (for a job, etc.) ⚫︎ 申し込む (mōshikomu) - to apply (more general) ⚫︎ 願います (negaimasu) - to request (more polite and general, often in the context of wishes or prayers) ⚫︎ 要求します (yōkyū shimasu) - to demand / to request (this carries a stronger connotation)

There aren't direct antonyms because applying is an action. However, the opposite of *doing* the action of applying could be *not applying* or withdrawing an application, although there isn't one specific verb for this.

新しいパスポートを申請するために、写真が必要です。 ・Translation: You need a photo to apply for a new passport. ・Explanation: This sentence illustrates the need for a photo as part of the application process.

大学院の入学を申請します。 ・Translation: I will apply for graduate school. ・Explanation: This shows 申請します 申請します being used in the context of applying to a graduate program.

The word 申請 (shinsē) is a Sino-Japanese word, derived from Chinese. The kanji 申 (shin) means "to state" or "to apply," and 請 (sē) means "to request" or "to ask." Therefore 申請 literally means "to state a request" or "to make an application."