焦げます（こげます、kogemasu）
- to burn

The Japanese word 焦げます 焦げます (koge-masu) means "to burn," "to scorch," or "to get burnt." It describes the state of something being exposed to excessive heat, resulting in discoloration, hardening, and often a change in taste or smell. It implies that something has been cooked or heated for too long or at too high a temperature. This word is typically used for food but can be applied to other objects as well. It’s a verb in the polite form.

⚫︎ パンが焦げました。 Translation: The bread got burnt. ⚫︎ お肉が焦げすぎました。 Translation: The meat got overcooked and burnt. ⚫︎ お皿が焦げ付いてしまいました。 Translation: The plate got scorched (burnt onto).

⚫︎ 焦げます 焦げます is used when you want to describe something that has been burnt or scorched. ⚫︎ It is commonly used in cooking, when referring to food that has been overcooked. ⚫︎ You can use it in various contexts where heat has caused damage. ⚫︎ It’s a polite form of the verb. The plain form is 焦げる 焦げる (kogeru). ⚫︎ Consider using this word in daily life when speaking about accidentally burnt food, or any material that has suffered damage because of heat.

⚫︎ The word is typically written in kanji 焦げます 焦げます. ⚫︎ The reading in hiragana is こげます. ⚫︎ The base form, without the polite suffix, is 焦げる 焦げる (kogeru). ⚫︎ The okurigana (hiragana attached to the kanji) is "げます" (gemasu) in the polite form.

⚫︎ 焼ける (yakeru) - to be baked, to be grilled, to be burnt (broader term than 焦げる 焦げる). ⚫︎ 焦がす (kogasu) - to burn (something) - this is the causative form, meaning to cause something to burn.

⚫︎ There isn't a direct single antonym in Japanese. ⚫︎ Possible antonyms could be words related to "not burning" or "being cooked properly," such as 生煮え (nama-nie) - undercooked.

朝ご飯のトーストが少し焦げました。 ・Translation: The toast for breakfast got a little burnt. ・Explanation: This sentence describes a common situation where toast has been cooked too long.

鍋の底が焦げ付いてしまったので、洗うのが大変です。 ・Translation: The bottom of the pot got burnt on, so it's difficult to wash. ・Explanation: This example explains a situation where a pot’s bottom is difficult to clean because of food burning onto the surface due to excess heating.

The verb 焦げる 焦げる originates from the adjective 焦がし (kogashi), which means "burnt." The kanji 焦 has meanings related to "burning," "anxiety," or "scorching." The etymology of these words is complex and likely rooted in the observation of how things change when exposed to heat.