起こします（おこします、okoshimasu）
- to wake up

The Japanese verb 起こします (okoshimasu) has several meanings, all generally related to causing something to happen or bringing something into a certain state. It often implies an active action of initiating, triggering, or starting something. The specific meaning depends on the context. ⚫︎ It can mean "to wake someone up". ⚫︎ It can mean "to raise" or "to lift" something. ⚫︎ It can mean "to cause" or "to bring about" something, like a problem or an effect. ⚫︎ It can also mean "to start" or "to initiate" something. ⚫︎ The word is the polite form of the verb 起こす (okosu).

⚫︎ 子供を起こします Translation: I wake up the child. ⚫︎ 地震が大きな被害を起こしました Translation: The earthquake caused significant damage. ⚫︎ エンジンを起こします Translation: I start the engine.

You use 起こします in situations where you are: ⚫︎ Waking someone up (e.g., from sleep). ⚫︎ Lifting something. ⚫︎ Causing a situation or problem. ⚫︎ Starting a process or activity. ⚫︎ The word 起こします is the polite form, appropriate for formal or polite conversations. ⚫︎ The plain form 起こす (okosu) would be used in less formal situations. ⚫︎ Pay close attention to the particles used with 起こします, as they will indicate what is being affected by the action. For instance, を (o) marks the direct object.

⚫︎ The base form of the verb is 起こす (okosu). ⚫︎ The polite form, as provided, is 起こします (okoshimasu), which includes the polite suffix ます (masu). ⚫︎ It's written in hiragana as おこします. ⚫︎ The kanji form is 起こします, using the kanji 起 (ki) for "to arise" or "to wake up" and the hiragana こします for the verb ending. ⚫︎ The okurigana is こ.

⚫︎ 目覚ます (mezamasu) - to wake up (someone). ⚫︎ 開始する (kaishi suru) - to begin, to start. ⚫︎ 生じさせる (shouji saseru) - to cause, to give rise to. ⚫︎ 発生させる (hassei saseru) - to cause to occur. ⚫︎ 上げる (ageru) - to lift, to raise.

⚫︎ There isn't a single perfect antonym, as the meaning depends on the context. However, some possibilities are: ⚫︎ 終わらせる (owaraseru) - to finish, to end. (Opposite of starting or causing something) ⚫︎ 眠らせる (nemuraseru) - to put to sleep. (Opposite of waking someone up) ⚫︎ 下げる (sageru) - to lower, to bring down. (Opposite of raising or lifting something)

毎朝、母は私を７時に起こします。 ・Translation: Every morning, my mother wakes me up at 7 o'clock. ・Explanation: This sentence demonstrates 起こします in the context of waking someone up.

彼は問題を起こしましたが、すぐに解決しました。 ・Translation: He caused a problem, but it was resolved quickly. ・Explanation: This example shows 起こします used to mean "to cause" or "to bring about" a problem. The particle を (o) marks the object of the verb.

The verb 起こす (okosu), and therefore 起こします, is composed of the kanji 起 (ki) which means "to get up," "to arise," or "to wake up." The verb itself originates from the classical Japanese language. The etymology is fairly straightforward, relating to the act of causing something to be in an upright or active state.