手術（しゅじゅつ、shujutsu）
- surgery

The Japanese word 手術 しゅじゅつ means "surgery" or "surgical operation." It refers to a medical procedure in which a doctor cuts into a patient's body to repair or remove diseased or damaged parts. The word covers a broad range of surgical procedures, from minor procedures to major operations. It’s a noun.

⚫︎手術を受ける Translation: To undergo surgery. ⚫︎手術室 Translation: Operating room. ⚫︎心臓の手術 Translation: Heart surgery.

You would use 手術 when talking about a medical operation or procedure that involves cutting the body. It’s used in formal and informal contexts. You can use it when discussing a patient's medical history, making appointments, or reading medical reports. It’s important to understand the context when using this word, as it refers to serious medical intervention.

⚫︎The word 手術 is typically written in kanji. ⚫︎The reading is しゅじゅつ in hiragana. ⚫︎There is no variation in the okurigana. ⚫︎The word can be written alone or combined with other words to create compound words like those in the "Examples" section.

There are no perfect direct synonyms in Japanese, but words or phrases that relate to the concept of surgery include: ⚫︎オペ (ope) - a shortened, informal version of "operation." ⚫︎外科手術 げかしゅじゅつ - surgical operation (more formally) ⚫︎手術療法 しゅじゅつりょうほう - surgical treatment/therapy

⚫︎ There is no direct antonym for 手術. However, words or concepts opposite surgery include: ⚫︎薬物治療 やくぶつちりょう- drug therapy ⚫︎内科的治療 ないかてきちりょう - medical treatment

彼は来週、盲腸の手術を受けることになった。 ・Translation: He is going to have an appendectomy next week. ・Explanation: This sentence explains that someone is scheduled to have a surgical procedure to remove their appendix.

医者は彼女に手術が必要だと説明した。 ・Translation: The doctor explained to her that she needed surgery. ・Explanation: This sentence describes the doctor informing a patient of the need for an operation.

The word 手術 is a compound word formed from the kanji 手 (te) meaning "hand" and 術 (jutsu) meaning "technique," "art," or "skill." The combination 手術 therefore, suggests an action performed by hands, combined with skill, implying a technical procedure or operation. The meaning developed to specifically include medical procedures performed with instruments.