予習します（よしゅうします、yoshuushimasu）
- to prepare (study)

The Japanese word 予習します (よしゅうします) means "to prepare for a lesson" or "to study beforehand." It involves reviewing the material that will be covered in a class or lecture before the actual session takes place. This can include reading assigned texts, working on practice problems, or looking up unfamiliar vocabulary. The goal of 予習します is to familiarize oneself with the topic, making it easier to understand and participate actively during the lesson. This also allows the student to identify areas where they need extra clarification.

⚫︎ 明日、数学の授業があるので、予習します。 Translation: I will prepare for tomorrow's math class. ⚫︎ 先生は、授業の前に予習するように言いました。 Translation: The teacher told us to prepare for the lesson beforehand. ⚫︎ 試験のために、毎日予習します。 Translation: I prepare for the exam every day.

You use 予習します in situations where you are talking about preparing for a lesson, class, or lecture. This is typically done before the actual learning session. The word is used by students, teachers (when assigning preparation), and anyone else involved in an educational setting. It can be used as a simple statement about what one is doing, or as a more specific action related to a particular subject or topic.

予習します is typically written in kanji and hiragana: 予習します. * 予(よ) means "beforehand" or "in advance." * 習(しゅう) means "to learn" or "to study." * します (shimasu) is the polite form of the verb "to do." There are no other common ways to write this word. The okurigana is fixed, and the verb is always written as します, and the verb stem is 予習. Conjugations of 予習します: * Positive Present: 予習します 予習します (yoshuushimasu) - "I will prepare" * Negative Present: 予習しません (yoshuushimasen) - "I will not prepare" * Positive Past: 予習しました (yoshuushimashita) - "I prepared" * Negative Past: 予習しませんでした (yoshuushimasen deshita) - "I did not prepare"

There aren't many direct synonyms, as 予習します is very specific. However, related phrases could include: * 勉強する (べんきょうする) - "to study" (more general) * 準備する (じゅんびする) - "to prepare" (broader meaning than just for lessons)

The direct antonym of 予習します doesn't exist. There is no single word for the exact opposite. One could argue that “not preparing” is the opposite, which could be expressed by not doing the actions that 予習します entails.

授業の前に、必ず予習するようにしています。 ・Translation: I always make sure to prepare before class. ・Explanation: This sentence emphasizes the habit of preparing for lessons.

新しい単語を覚えるために、教科書の予習をしました。 ・Translation: I prepared the textbook to memorize new vocabulary. ・Explanation: This sentence illustrates a specific action taken in order to do the pre-lesson preparation for learning new words.

The word is formed from the following: * 予 (yo) meaning "beforehand" or "in advance." * 習 (shuu) meaning "to learn" or "to study." * します (shimasu) is the polite form of the verb "to do." Thus, the combination literally means "to study beforehand" or "to prepare beforehand for learning".