おばさんはピザが作れます。
- My aunt can make pizza.
This Japanese sentence "おばさんはピザが作れます。" means "My aunt can make pizza." in English. It is an N4 High-level example sentence.
Words Contained
AI Explanation
おばさんはピザが作れます。 meaning: My aunt can make pizza.
The sentence follows a typical Japanese sentence structure: Subject - Topic - Object - Verb. Let's break down the particles and their functions: ⚫︎ おばさん (obasan) - aunt: This is the subject of the sentence, the person who can do something. ⚫︎ は (wa) - topic marker: It marks the topic of the sentence. In this case, it indicates that the topic being discussed is "aunt". ⚫︎ ピザ (piza) - pizza: This is the object, the thing that is being made. ⚫︎ が (ga) - subject marker: In this context, が (ga) marks the object of the potential form of the verb, indicating what is able to be made. ⚫︎ 作れます (tsukuremasu) - can make: This is the verb, indicating the ability to make something. It is in the potential form.
The verb 作れます (tsukuremasu) is in the potential form, indicating ability or possibility. ⚫︎ The potential form is created by changing the verb stem. For 作る (tsukuru) - to make, the stem is 作 (tsuku). ⚫︎ To make the potential form, you change the final vowel sound of the stem's う sound to え, and add a ます or a plain form. So, 作る (tsukuru) becomes 作れる (tsukureru) in plain form and 作れます (tsukuremasu) in polite form. ⚫︎ The particle が (ga) is used instead of を (o) or は (wa) when the object is the focus of the potential verb. ⚫︎ Consider these examples: * 私は日本語が話せます。 (Watashi wa nihongo ga hanasemasu.) - I can speak Japanese. * 彼女はピアノが弾けます。 (Kanojo wa piano ga hikemasu.) - She can play the piano.
The verb 作れます (tsukuremasu) is in the polite form (ます form), often used in everyday conversation. ⚫︎ To form the polite form, you add ます (masu) to the stem of the verb. ⚫︎ For a ru-verb like 作れる (tsukureru), you replace the final る (ru) with ます (masu). So, 作れる (tsukureru) becomes 作れます (tsukuremasu). ⚫︎ This form shows respect and is suitable for interactions with people you don't know well or in formal situations. ⚫︎ The plain form equivalent would be 作れる (tsukureru), but it would not be suitable.
Understanding the difference between the particles は (wa) and が (ga) is crucial. ⚫︎ は (wa) marks the topic of the sentence, what the sentence is about. It introduces new information or connects to previous discussion. ⚫︎ が (ga) marks the subject of the sentence, which does the action. It can introduce new information, or it can specify a part of something. ⚫︎ In this sentence, おばさん (obasan) is the topic (marked by は (wa)) - "As for my aunt..." and then we give information about her. ⚫︎ ピザ (piza) is the object of the potential verb 作れます (tsukuremasu). Therefore, the object of potential verb takes が (ga).
Knowing key vocabulary is essential for understanding the sentence. ⚫︎ おばさん (obasan) - aunt ⚫︎ ピザ (piza) - pizza ⚫︎ 作る (tsukuru) - to make ⚫︎ 作れます (tsukuremasu) - can make (potential form, polite form) ⚫︎ Remember to practice new words in sentences to improve your understanding!