The kanji 封 primarily conveys the idea of sealing, closing, or shutting something up. It implies a sense of containment, either physically (like sealing a letter) or figuratively (like restricting information). It can also relate to the concept of bestowing something, especially in the context of feudal systems, like granting land or titles.

・On-yomi (音読み): ホウ (hō) ・Kun-yomi (訓読み): ふう (fū)

⚫︎ 封筒(fūtō) Translation: envelope ⚫︎ 封印(fūin) Translation: seal (verb or noun), to seal ⚫︎ 開封(kaihū) Translation: opening (e.g., of a letter), to open (a sealed item)

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The kanji 封 is a phono-semantic compound (形声文字). The left side is the radical 土 (tsuchi), meaning "earth" or "land," and the right side is 丰 (hō), which represents a plant growing lushly or abundantly. Originally, the 丰 part depicted something full or flourishing. Combining these, 封 originally meant to pile up earth to create a boundary or a mound, like the earthworks used to define the boundaries of land, particularly for bestowing land as a fiefdom. Therefore, 封 developed the meaning of to enclose or seal off and eventually evolved to mean sealing or bestowing.