The kanji 剰 represents the concept of "surplus," "excess," or "remainder." It signifies something that is left over after a process or calculation, or an amount beyond what is needed. It implies an extra quantity or an abundance.

・On-yomi (音読み): ジョウ (jō) ・Kun-yomi (訓読み): あま-る (ama-ru)

⚫︎ 剰余 Translation: Surplus; remainder; excess ⚫︎ 利益剰余金 Translation: Retained earnings; accumulated profits ⚫︎ 過剰 Translation: Excess; surplus; over-

The kanji 剰 is a phono-semantic compound (形声文字, keisei moji). The semantic component is 余 (yo), meaning "surplus" or "extra," and the phonetic component is 争 (sō), which contributes the sound. The combination suggests something that is left over or in excess because of some original quantity.